GLP-1

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a 30- or 31-amino-acid-long peptide hormone deriving from the tissue-specific posttranslational processing of the proglucagon peptide. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon-like_peptide-1

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, also known as GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RA), incretin mimetics, or GLP-1 analogs, are agonists of the GLP-1 receptor. This class of medications is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.[1][2] One of their advantages over older insulin secretagogues, such as sulfonylureas or meglitinides, is that they have a lower risk of causing hypoglycemia.[3] GLP-1 has a short duration of action, so to overcome this limitation several modifications in either the drugs or the formulations are being developed.[4] The 2022 ADA standards of medical care in diabetes include GLP-1-RA as a first line pharmacological therapy for type 2 diabetes, specifically in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease or obesity.[5] Some GLP-1 receptor agonists have been used off-label for obesity[6] and impulse control. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucagon-like_peptide-1_receptor_agonist

• approved drugs:
  • exenatide (brand names Byetta and Bydureon, manufactured by AstraZeneca), approved in 2005/2012
  • liraglutide (Victoza for diabetes, Saxenda for obesity, manufactured by Novo Nordisk), approved in 2010[18]
  • albiglutide (Tanzeum, manufactured by GSK), approved in 2014[19]
  • dulaglutide (Trulicity, manufactured by Eli Lilly), approved in 2014[20]
  • lixisenatide (Lyxumia in Europe, Adlyxin in the United States, manufactured by Sanofi), approved in 2016[21]
  • semaglutide (Ozempic and Rybelsus for diabetes, Wegovy for obesity, manufactured by Novo Nordisk), approved in 2017[22]
  • tirzepatide (Mounjaro, manufactured by Eli Lilly, combined with a GIP analog), approved in 2022[23]